Vegetable Shortening
Description
Vegetable shortening is a solid fat made from hydrogenated vegetable oils, commonly used in baking and frying. It is valued for its high smoke point and ability to create flaky layers in pastries. In the U.S., it is often found in sticks or tubs, with measurements in cups or tablespoons (1 cup = 240 mL; 1 tablespoon = 15 mL). European and Asian recipes may refer to grams or milliliters, offering precision in baking.
Common uses
Used primarily in the preparation of baked goods such as pies, pastries, and cookies, vegetable shortening is also favored in frying due to its high smoke point. It's a common ingredient in frostings and can be used to grease pans.
Nutritional value
Calories
Vegetable shortening contains about 884 calories per 100 grams or approximately 127 calories per tablespoon (14 grams).
Protein
Shortening is free of proteins, making it solely lipid-based.
Fat
A tablespoon of shortening typically contains around 14 grams of fat, primarily composed of hydrogenated vegetable oils.
Carbohydrates
It is carbohydrate-free, as it is 100% fat.
Vitamins
Though not a significant source of vitamins, some brands fortify their shortening with fat-soluble vitamins like vitamin E.
Minerals
Shortening does not naturally contain minerals, but trace amounts may be present depending on the manufacturing process.
Health benefits
While shortening is not known for its health benefits, certain vegetable shortenings are trans-fat-free and contain less saturated fat than butter, potentially offering a better fat choice for heart health when used in moderation.
Potential risks
Traditional shortenings high in trans fats are linked to an increased risk of heart disease. Many brands now offer trans-fat-free versions, but excessive intake of any type of shortening can lead to weight gain and associated health risks.
Common recipes
Shortening is commonly used in pie crusts, biscuits, and fried dough recipes, where it imparts a desirable texture.
Cooking methods
It can be cut into flour for pastry, creamed with sugar for cookies, or melted for frying.
Pairing with other ingredients
It pairs well with various flavors and ingredients, providing a neutral base that allows other recipe components to shine.
Summary
Vegetable shortening is a versatile, plant-based fat used in various cooking and baking applications. It offers a high smoke point and a texture that can enhance the flakiness of pastries. Despite its utility in the kitchen, health-conscious consumers should use it sparingly due to its high calorie and fat content, and be aware of the potential risks associated with trans fats in traditional formulations.