Annatto Seed
Description
Annatto seed, also known as achiote or bija, is derived from the fruit of the achiote tree (Bixa orellana), which is native to tropical regions of the Americas. These small, reddish seeds are known for their vibrant color, which ranges from yellow to deep orange and is due to the presence of carotenoid pigments, particularly bixin. Annatto seeds are often used for their coloring properties in a variety of food products, but they also impart a subtle, earthy flavor that is appreciated in numerous cuisines.
Common uses
Annatto is commonly used as a natural coloring agent in a variety of products, including cheese, butter, smoked fish, and baked goods. It is also utilized as a spice in many Latin American, Caribbean, Filipino, and Vietnamese dishes. The seeds can be ground into a powder, infused in oil or water, or processed into a paste or extract for use in cooking.
Nutritional value
Calories
Annatto seeds provide approximately 2.7 calories per 1 gram (about 0.035 oz or 1/8 tsp).
Protein
Annatto seeds contain about 0.09 grams of protein per 1 gram serving.
Fat
There is around 0.2 grams of fat in a 1 gram serving of annatto seeds.
Carbohydrates
The carbohydrate content in annatto seeds is about 0.3 grams per 1 gram serving.
Vitamins
Annatto seeds are a source of vitamin E and also contain small amounts of B vitamins.
Minerals
These seeds contain trace amounts of minerals such as calcium, magnesium, and potassium.
Health benefits
Annatto seeds have been associated with various health benefits, including antioxidant properties due to their vitamin E content, potential improvements in eye health linked to carotenoids, and antimicrobial effects. However, more research is needed to fully understand their health impact.
Potential risks
Some individuals may experience allergic reactions to annatto, and it is advised to use it with caution if you have a known sensitivity or allergy. Moreover, the seeds should be consumed in moderation as part of a balanced diet.
Common recipes
Annatto seeds are used in recipes such as Mexican cochinita pibil, Filipino kare-kare, and various Caribbean dishes like arroz con pollo.
Cooking methods
The seeds can be steeped in hot water or oil to release their color and flavor before being added to dishes. They can also be ground into a powder and used as a spice rub for meats.
Pairing with other ingredients
Annatto pairs well with spices like cumin, coriander, and garlic. It complements ingredients like chicken, rice, and beans, and is often used in combination with lime juice and chili peppers for a zesty flavor profile.
Summary
Annatto seed is a versatile and historic ingredient that adds both vibrant color and subtle flavor to dishes. Its use spans from traditional recipes to modern culinary innovations, and its health benefits make it a valuable addition to any kitchen. While it is generally safe for consumption, it should be used with awareness of potential allergic reactions.