Salt
Description
Salt, also known as sodium chloride, is one of the oldest and most ubiquitous food seasonings, and is an essential mineral for human health. It's a crystalline compound that is often seen in fine or coarse grains. Throughout the world, salt is used in various units of measurement, including grams and kilograms in the metric system (used in Europe and many parts of the world), as well as ounces and pounds in the U.S. customary units (also known as Imperial units, which are used in the United States). Additionally, some recipes may measure salt in teaspoons (tsp) or tablespoons (tbsp), which are common in both American and European recipes.
Common uses
Salt is a fundamental element in cooking and food preservation. It enhances flavor, reduces the bitterness of dishes, helps in the fermentation process of foods like sauerkraft and kimchi, and is used in the curing of meats. In baking, salt is used to strengthen gluten in dough and to stabilize whipped egg whites.
Nutritional value
Calories
Salt contains no calories.
Protein
Salt contains no protein.
Fat
Salt contains no fat.
Carbohydrates
Salt contains no carbohydrates.
Vitamins
Salt does not contain vitamins, however, iodized salt is fortified with iodine to prevent deficiencies.
Minerals
The primary mineral in salt is sodium; chloride is also present. Both are essential for bodily functions.
Health benefits
While excessive salt intake can lead to health issues, moderate consumption is important for fluid balance, nerve transmission, and muscle function.
Potential risks
Overconsumption of salt can lead to high blood pressure, heart disease, and stroke. It is recommended to limit sodium intake to less than 2,300 milligrams per day, as per dietary guidelines.
Common recipes
Salt is used in virtually every savory recipe, from soups and stews to marinades and salad dressings. It is also used in sweets to balance flavors.
Cooking methods
Salt enhances food through various methods such as boiling, baking, roasting, and sautéing.
Pairing with other ingredients
Salt pairs well with almost all ingredients, enhancing and bringing out their flavors.
Summary
Salt is an essential ingredient that not only enhances flavor but also plays a critical role in maintaining human health. While it is important to use salt wisely due to its potential health risks, it remains a cornerstone of culinary arts across the globe.